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How-to guide
How to get a business license · plain-English guide

How to get a business license.

There is no single "business license" in the US. Most businesses need a combination of state, county, and city permits, plus industry-specific licenses (sales tax permit, professional license, health permit, signage permit, occupancy permit). This guide walks through how to find every requirement for your location and industry, common pitfalls, and our flat-fee filing service.

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The process

Step by step.

01
Identify your business type and location

Industry, entity type, primary location, additional locations. License requirements vary dramatically by both industry and city.

02
Check federal licenses

Most businesses do not need federal licenses. Federal licenses apply to: alcohol (TTB), broadcasting (FCC), aviation (FAA), transportation (FMCSA), agriculture (USDA), commercial fisheries (NOAA). File.Business does not service firearms (ATF FFL) per AUP.

03
Check state licenses

State Department of Revenue: sales tax permit (if you sell goods or taxable services). State Department of Health: food service, childcare, healthcare. State professional licensing boards: licensed professions (law, medicine, accounting, engineering, real estate). State Department of Labor: contractor licenses.

04
Check county licenses

Many counties require a general business license. Often $25-$200 per year. Health permits, environmental permits if applicable.

05
Check city licenses

Most cities require business licenses, sometimes called "tax certificates" or "business tax certificates." Zoning permits if operating from a non-home location. Signage permits.

06
Apply for each license

Federal: usually online via the relevant agency. State: usually online via state portal. County: online, by mail, or in person. City: typically in-person or online.

07
Pay fees

Federal: typically $0-$500 depending on type. State sales tax permit: usually free. State professional: $50-$500. County general business: $25-$300. City: $50-$500.

08
Renew on schedule

Most licenses renew annually. Some every 2-5 years. Missing renewal can mean fines or business operations suspended.

Common mistakes

What to avoid.

Mistake
Stopping at state

State licenses do not cover county or city requirements. Each layer must be filed separately.

Mistake
Not getting sales tax permit

Selling taxable goods without a state sales tax permit creates personal liability for the collected (or uncollected) tax.

Mistake
Operating without zoning

Operating a business at an address not zoned for that business type triggers fines and forced relocation. Home-based businesses must comply with home occupation rules.

Mistake
Missing professional licenses

Operating as a licensed professional (lawyer, doctor, CPA, etc.) without the state license is a criminal offense in most states.

Mistake
Not renewing

Annual renewals are easy to miss. We track renewals as part of our service.

FAQ

Common questions.

Do all businesses need a business license?
Most do, at least at the city or county level. Even purely online businesses typically need a city business tax certificate or county general business license.
How do I find every license I need?
Three layers: federal (usually rare except for specific industries), state (DOR + professional licensing + industry-specific), county (general business + health if applicable), city (general business + zoning + signage). Or use our license-mapping service.
What is a sales tax permit?
State Department of Revenue registration that allows you to collect sales tax from customers. Required in states with sales tax for sellers of taxable goods or services. Free in most states.
What about a DBA?
A DBA (doing business as) is registration of a fictitious business name. Required if you operate under a name different from your legal entity name. State or county filing.
What if I operate in multiple cities?
Each city where you have a physical operation typically requires its own business license. Mobile or itinerant businesses may have special rules.
What about home-based businesses?
Most cities allow home-based businesses with home occupation permits. Restrictions: no employees, no signs, no excessive customer traffic. Check your city home occupation rules.
What licenses do online-only businesses need?
At minimum: state sales tax permit (if selling taxable goods), city business tax certificate (where you operate from), county general business license (in some counties).
How long do licenses take?
Federal: 1-12 weeks depending on type. State sales tax permit: same-day to 2 weeks. County general business: 1-3 weeks. City: 1-4 weeks. Some require inspections (food service, daycare, contractor) which add weeks.
What about restricted industries?
File.Business does not service cannabis, adult-content, or firearms businesses. See our Acceptable Use Policy.
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