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DefinitionArticles of Organization is the legal document that creates a Limited Liability Company. It is filed with the Secretary of State (or equivalent agency) in the state where the LLC i
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What Is Articles Of Organization · File.Business

What is Articles of Organization? The document that creates an LLC.

Articles of Organization is the legal document that creates a Limited Liability Company. It is filed with the Secretary of State (or equivalent agency) in the state where the LLC is being formed. Until Articles are filed and accepted, the LLC does not exist as a legal entity.

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Formal Definition

Articles of Organization (also called Certificate of Organization in some states, or Certificate of Formation in Delaware and Texas) is the foundational legal document filed with the Secretary of State to officially create a Limited Liability Company.

In plain English

Here is what that actually means.

When you "form an LLC," you are filing Articles of Organization with the state government. The state reviews the document for compliance (correct name format, valid registered agent, proper signatures), and if accepted, the LLC exists as a legal entity from the date of acceptance forward.

The Articles are intentionally brief: they record the bare-minimum information the state needs. The richer governance details (member roles, profit splits, voting rules, transfer restrictions) go into the Operating Agreement, which is an internal document not filed with the state.

Articles of Organization apply to LLCs. The equivalent document for a Corporation is called Articles of Incorporation. For nonprofits, it is Articles of Incorporation as a Nonprofit Corporation. The document names differ by state and entity type, but the function is the same: a state filing that creates the entity.

Key facts

The four things to know.

State filing
Filed with the Secretary of State in your formation state
Creates the entity
LLC does not exist as a legal entity until Articles are accepted
Brief by design
Contains only the basics; full governance is in the Operating Agreement
Public record
Once filed, Articles are part of the public state record
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Who needs this

Common situations.

Every new LLC Required in every state to create the LLC.
Out-of-state founders Founder location does not matter; the Articles file in the state of formation.
Holding companies A Wyoming or Delaware LLC needs Articles filed in that state, regardless of where you operate.
Series LLC Master Series LLC files Articles; child series may not require separate filings (varies by state).
How it compares

Related concepts side by side.

Articles of Organization vs Articles of Incorporation
Articles of Organization is for LLCs. Articles of Incorporation is for Corporations. Both are state filings that create the entity.
Articles of Organization vs Operating Agreement
Articles are public, filed with the state, and contain the bare minimum. Operating Agreement is internal, contains the full governance rules, and is not filed.
Articles of Organization vs Certificate of Formation
Same thing, different name. Delaware and Texas use "Certificate of Formation"; most other states use "Articles of Organization."
FAQ

Common questions.

What information goes in the Articles of Organization?
Typically: LLC name (with required ending like "LLC"), principal office address, Registered Agent name and address, organizer name, sometimes member or manager names, and the LLC purpose statement.
Do I have to disclose owners on the Articles?
Varies by state. Some states require members or managers to be named on the public Articles. Wyoming and a few others allow anonymous formation, where member names stay private.
How much does it cost to file Articles?
State filing fee, which varies by state from $35 (Montana) to $520 (Massachusetts). Our service fee is $0; we pass the state fee through at cost.
How long until the state accepts the Articles?
Same day in some states (Colorado, Minnesota, Missouri). 1 to 3 business days in most states. Up to 6 weeks in Maryland without expedited filing.
Can the Articles be amended later?
Yes. Articles of Amendment (a separate state filing) modify the original Articles to change the LLC name, Registered Agent, member info, or other items on file. Cost: $99 our service fee + state amendment fee.
What happens if the Articles are rejected?
The state returns the filing with a reason (typically a naming conflict, formatting issue, or invalid Registered Agent). We address the issue and refile at no additional cost.
Are Articles of Organization public?
Yes. Once filed, the Articles are part of the public state record, searchable on the Secretary of State website.
Do I need a lawyer to draft the Articles?
No. Standard Articles are a fill-in-the-blanks state form. We complete and file it for you.
What is the difference between "organizer" and "member"?
The "organizer" is the person who signs and files the Articles, often the founder. The "member" is an owner of the LLC. The organizer can be the same person as the member, or a different person (e.g., we list ourselves as the organizer when we file for you).
Can I file Articles online?
In most states, yes. Some states (Maryland, a few others) still require mail or fax filing. We file online wherever supported, which is faster.
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